The final quarter of this series turns to how a board actually stewards the organisation it governs, and no responsibility sits more squarely at the centre of stewardship than financial oversight. Most associations start with a single honorary treasurer. Many should, at some point, move beyond that model entirely, and the trigger for that change is more precise than most boards realise.
What actually drives the decision: your acnc size tier
For a registered charity, the ACNC classifies organisations into three tiers based on annual revenue, and the classification carries real reporting consequences. Small charities, with annual revenue under $500,000, face no ACNC requirement for their financial report to be reviewed or audited. Medium charities, with revenue between $500,000 and $3 million, must have their financial report either reviewed or audited, with a genuine choice between the two. Large charities, at $3 million or more, must have their financial report audited in full. These thresholds apply regardless of legal structure, and even a small charity may be bound by a stricter requirement if its own constitution or a funding agreement independently demands an audit.
The honorary treasurer model, one volunteer director carrying financial oversight personally, genuinely suits a small charity facing no external audit or review requirement. It becomes structurally mismatched the moment an organisation crosses into medium territory, where a reviewer or auditor will be asking substantive questions the whole board is expected to have genuinely engaged with, not just the one director who happens to hold the treasurer title.
Why a single treasurer becomes a genuine risk, not just a bottleneck
This connects directly to two principles established earlier in this series. Under the AICD's own guidance discussed in the previous quarter, a board can delegate authority but never delegate responsibility, and every director remains legally accountable under section 190 for how any delegated function is actually exercised. A board that quietly treats financial oversight as the treasurer's job alone, rather than a responsibility the whole board shares and actively engages with, is exposed on precisely this point. If the financial position deteriorates and the rest of the board genuinely did not understand what was happening, 'the treasurer handled that' is not a defence the law is likely to accept.
A Finance, Audit and Risk committee does not remove this accountability from the board. It distributes the genuine engagement that accountability requires across several directors with complementary skills, rather than concentrating it in one person the rest of the board has quietly outsourced their judgement to.
Building the committee properly
A genuine Finance, Audit and Risk committee is not simply the treasurer with company. It should be built using the same nominations discipline discussed in the second quarter of this series, identifying the specific financial, audit and risk skills the committee actually needs against the board's current skills matrix, rather than filling seats with whoever is available. The committee's mandate should extend beyond reviewing financial statements to genuine oversight of risk appetite, internal controls, and the auditor or reviewer relationship itself, a topic the next article in this series addresses directly.
- Confirm your current ACNC size tier, or equivalent state-based threshold if not ACNC-registered, and check it against your existing financial oversight structure honestly.
- Treat crossing into medium charity territory as a trigger event for reviewing whether a single treasurer model remains appropriate, not something to address only once an audit is already underway.
- Build committee membership deliberately against genuine financial, audit and risk skills, connecting to the skills matrix and nominations committee discussed earlier in this series.
- Keep full board reporting genuine and substantive, not a rubber-stamped summary, since delegated financial oversight still carries full board-level responsibility under section 190.
The honorary treasurer model is not obsolete. It remains genuinely appropriate for many smaller associations. What matters is recognising the specific point, tied to your actual size and reporting obligations rather than an arbitrary feeling that the organisation has grown, at which it stops matching the scale of the responsibility it is meant to discharge.
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Until next week,
Annie